Verben des Südelfischen

III.3.4. Verbs

1.) Introduction
Since the accent remained unchanged, the verb of South-Elven stayed also mostly unchanged. But because of the weakening of final vowels the verbs with an extended stem on a semi-vowel, two "new" classes on -i and -u developed. In contrast to Eleiar the personal pronouns stand before the verbs.e.g.: nor slidin (I give).

2.) Forms of the indicative (active)
a) present

1. person	2. person	3. person	4. person	5. person	6. person
*slidin*	*slidi*	*slidic*	*slidith*	*slidil*	*slid*
*lomen*	*lomi*	*lomec*	*lometh*	*lomyl*	*lom*

b) preterite

1. person	2. person	3. person	4. person	5. person	6. person
*slidithen*	*slidithi*	*slidithec*	*slidithath*	*slidithyl*	*slidith*
*lomathen*	*lomathi*	*lomathec*	*lomathath*	*lomathyl*	*lomath*

c) perfect

1. person	2. person	3. person	4. person	5. person	6. person
*sléneden*	*slénedi*	*slénedec*	*slénedath*	*slénedyl*	*sléned*
*lanemen*	*lanemi*	*lanemec*	*lanemath*	*lanemyl*	*lanem*

d) future

1. person	2. person	3. person	4. person	5. person	6. person
*slédylen*	*slédyli*	*slédylec*	*slédylath*	*slédylyl*	*slédyl*
*lomylen*	*lomyli*	*lomylec*	*lomylath*	*lomylyl*	*lomyl*

3.) Forms of the optative
The optative forms remained because the characteristic -u- was treated like a vowel in medial syllables.

a) present

1. person	2. person	3. person	4. person	5. person	6. person
*slidian*	*slidui*	*slidiac*	*slidiath*	*slidial*	*slidia*
*loman*	*lomui*	*lomac*	*lomath*	*lomal*	*loma*

b) preterite

1. person	2. person	3. person	4. person	5. person	6. person
*slidiathen*	*slidiathi*	*slidiathec*	*slidiathath*	*slidiathyl*	*slidiath*
*lomathen*	*lomathi*	*lomathec*	*lomathath*	*lomathyl*	*lomath*

c) perfect

1. person	2. person	3. person	4. person	5. person	6. person
*slénedan*	*slénedui*	*slénedac*	*slénedath*	*slénedal*	*sléneda*
*laneman*	*lanemui*	*lanemac*	*lanamuth*	*lanemal*	*lanema*

4.) Imperative

2. person	3. person	5. person	6. person
*slédari*	*sléduc*	*slédul*	*slédu*
*lomari*	*lomuc*	*lomul*	*lomu*

5.) Forms of the passive

1. person	2. person	3. person	4. person	5. person	6. person
*ralomenn*	*ralomemi*	*ralomenc*	*ralomenth*	*ralomenyl*	*ralomem*
*ralomethenn*	*ralomethemi*	*ralomethenc*	*ralomethenth*	*ralomethemyl*	*ralomethem*
*ralanemenn*	*ralanemi**	*ralanemenc*	*ralanementh*	*ralanemyl*	*ralanemem*
*ralomylenn*	*ralomylemi*	*ralomylenc*	*ralomylenth*	*ralomylemyl*	*ralomylem*

*: This form developed due to haplology from *ralenememi.

6.) The infixed relative pronoun
This verbal form also remained in Eliar. Here the vowels were not treated like a vowel in medial syllables, since the relative pronoun is incorporated in actual speech; therefore the full form was used.

1. person	2. person	3. person	4. person	5. person	6. person
*lomanen*	*lomani*	*lomanec*	*lomanath*	*lomanyl*	*loman*
*lomathanen*	*lomathani*	*lomathanec*	*lomathanath*	*lomathanyl*	*lomathan*
*lanemanen*	*lanemani*	*lanemanec*	*lenamanath*	*lanemanyl*	*laneman*
*lamylanen*	*lamylani*	*lamylanec*	*lamylanath*	*lamylanyl*	*öamylan*

7.) Infinite Forms
a) infinitive
The infinitive was formed according to the traditional form and their subsequent phonetic changes.
infinitive present:
e.g.: slididd (to give); lomadd (to see); bardudd (singen)
infinitive perfect:
e.g.: slénadd (to have given); lanemadd (to have seen); banerdadd (to have sung)
infinitive future:
e.g.: slédyladd (to be giving); lomyladd (to be seeing); bardyladd (to be singing)

b) Perfect Participle
Examples: aesis (desired); slédis (given); lomis (seen); indis (hunted).

9.) The auxiliary thédd (to be)
a) Indicative

	1. person	2. person	3. person	4. person	5. person	6. person
present	*thuan*	*thui*	*thuac*	*thuath*	*thual*	*thua*
preterite	*théthen*	*théthi*	*théthec*	*théthath*	*théthyl*	*théth*
perfect	*thénen*	*théni*	*thénec*	*thénath*	*thényl*	*thén*
future	*thuilen*	*thuili*	*thuilec*	*thuilath*	*thuilyl*	*thuil*

b) Optative

	1. person	2. person	3. person	4. person	5. person	6. person
present	*thun*	*thui*	*thuc*	*thuth*	*thul*	*thu*
preterite	*thuthen*	*thuthi*	*thuthec*	*thuthath*	*thuthyl*	*thuth*
perfect	*thénun*	*thénui*	*thénuc*	*thénuth*	*thénul*	*thénu*

c) Imperative

2. person	3. person	5. person	6. person
*théri*	*thóc*	*thól*	*thó*